Figure 2

Maximum rates of mortality inflicted by 72 inquiline and parasitoid species on 43 willow-galling sawfly species in relation to the phylogeny, gall morphology, and host plants of the gallers. Sawfly names have been omitted, but their order is the same as in Figure 1. Each column in the plot represents one inquiline or parasitoid species, maximum rates of parasitism observed in extensive population rearings of each galler species [21,22] are indicated by the colour of the cells (see legend). See Additional file 1 for exact rates of parasitism. Enemy species and genera mentioned in the text are highlighted by a coloured font, and the taxon to which each parasite species belongs is indicated below the matrix (note that the wasp genus Eurytoma includes two parasitoids and an inquiline). Numbers of dissected galls, collection localities, and population rearings are given in the last two columns. Numbers above branches on the tree show Bayesian posterior probabilities (only values ≥ 50% shown, asterisks denote clades with a 100% posterior probability).