Real-time phase-contrast x-ray imaging: a new technique for the study of animal form and function

Table 2 Effect of duration of x-ray exposure to head on motor control abilities. m/n denotes m animals behaving normally out of n animal trials. Asterisks denote partially limited response (e.g., slow response).

		Exposure time (min) with 25 keV x-rays, 80 μW/mm ²
Species	Behavior	2	4	5	6	8	10	12	15	25	120+
Ant	Righting	2/2	2/2		1/2	1*/2	2*/2	1*/2
	Defense	2/2	2/2		1/2	1/2	1*/2	1*/2
	Walking	2/2	2/2		2*/2	1*/2	0/2	0/2
Fruit fly	Righting	1/1	2/2		2/2	2/2	0/2	1*/2
	Walking	1/1	2/2		2*/2	2*/2	0/2	1*/2
	Flight	1/1	2/2		2/2	2/2	0/2	1*/2
Beetle	Righting			1/1			1/1		0/1	0/1
	Walking			1/1			1*/1		1*/1	0/1
	Running			1/1			1*/1		0/1	0/1
Grasshopper	Righting										2/2
	Hopping										2/2
	Flight										2/2

ISSN: 1741-7007