Identification of the Weevil immune genes and their expression in the bacteriome tissue

Table 2 Immune-related ESTs and comparison of gene expression between naive larvae, mock-infected larvae and larvae challenged with Escherichia coli.

EST	Protein description	E-value	Target Organism	UniProt Acc. Num.	qRT-PCR Fold change
	Antibacterial peptides				sterile injury	septic injury
INF-18	Coleoptericin	3E-15	Zophobas atratus	P80032	11.4*	86.1* (*)
INF-42	Diptericin A	2.6	Glossina morsitans	Q8WTD5	> 10*	> 300* (*)
INF-145	Acaloleptin A	2E-15	Acalolepta luxuriosa	Q76K70	1.8	43.1*
INF-163	Cecropin A1	0.68	Drosophila mauritiana	P81685	1	31.5*
INF-165	Sarcotoxin II-1	0.67	Sarcophaga peregrina	P24491	0.8	31.6*
INF-217	Tenecin-1	3E-13	Tenebrio molitor	Q27023	9.7*	314.9* (*)
INF-479	Luxuriosin	0.18	Acalolepta luxuriosa	Q60FC9	2.8*	4.5*
	*Lysozymes*
INF-152	Lysozyme i-1	1E-05	Anopheles gambiae	Q6GU90	7.8*	5.2*
INF-282	Lysozyme C-1	6E-17	Anas platyrhynchos	P00705	7.1*	5.4*
	*PGRP*
INF-9	PGRP sb2	7E-57	Aedes aegypti	Q1HRH3	2.3*	6.7* (*)
INF-441	PGRP	9E-38	Biomphalaria glabrata	A0T2Q1	7.8*	11.6*
	*Immune regulator*
INF-359	TOLLIP	3E-48	Mus musculus	Q9QZ06	1.2	1.7
	*Phenoloxidase pathway*
INF-506	PPAF	2E-15	Holotrichia diomphalia	Q9GRW0	2.8*	2.7*
INF-74	Serpin-4A	2E-20	Manduca sexta	Q6Q2D8	2.8*	2.9*
	*Proteases* ^a
INF-20	IMPI	2E-11	Galleria mellonella	P82176	2.3*	3.4*
INF-91	Cysteine-rich venom-like protein	7E-09	Aedes albopictus	Q5MIW2	3.4*	7.5* (*)
INF-258	Pattern recognition serine proteinase	7E-28	Manduca sexta	Q69BL0	ND	ND
INF-459	Hemolymph proteinase 17	3E-10	Manduca sexta	Q5MPB8	1.7	4.4
INF-515	Trypsin-like serine proteinase	5E-27	Anthonomus grandis	Q64ID5	1.4	1.1
	*Cytoskeleton*
INF-13	profilin	3E-29	Apis mellifera	Q6QEJ7	0.9	0.8
-	actin	-	Sitophilus zeamais	-	1	1.3

ESTs were analyzed as described in Materials and Methods and classified according to gene family or function. Transcripts were quantitated by qRT-PCR in untreated aposymbiotic larvae (control), in larvae six hours after a mock-infection (sterile injury) or an E. coli infection (septic injury). The fold-change of gene expression after sterile or septic injury is expressed relative to the transcript levels in untreated larvae. For each sample, the transcript level is estimated from the mean of three independent measurements after normalization with the expression of the gapdh gene. The transcript amounts of the genes corresponding to the EST INF-42 and INF-258 are too weak to be quantified in the control larvae and in all the samples, respectively. Comparisons of transcript levels between the three samples were made using nonparametric tests. A significant increase in transcript level after sterile or septic injury is indicated by an asterisk (p < 0.05). A significant difference between sterile and septic injury is indicated by a second asterisk (p < 0.05). Acc. Num., accession number; ND, non-determined. ^a. Proteases can represent either signaling proteins or immune effectors.

ISSN: 1741-7007