Figure 1

Effect of haptoglobin (Hp) on U937 monocytes (a, c and d) and human primary monocytes migration (b). (a) Chemotaxis was performed on U937 cells for 3 h at the indicated doses of Hp and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1). In the case of the negative control bovine serum albumin (BSA) (1 mg/ml) was used. (b) Chemotaxis was performed on primary monocytes for 90 min. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), P < 0.0001. Bonferroni post-test versus BSA *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001. (c, d) Chemotaxis was performed on U937 cells for 3 h at the indicated doses. Migrated cells are expressed as percentage of the average number of migrated cells in the negative control wells (BSA, 1 mg/ml). (c) Bar graph showing the comparison between the chemotactic potential of Hp 95% pure (premade mixture of phenotypes 1-1, 2-1 and 2-2, light gray bars) and that of Hp 98% to 100% pure (homemade mixtures of phenotypes 1-1 and 2-2, dark gray bars). One-way ANOVA, P < 0.0001. Bonferroni post-test versus BSA *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Bonferroni post-test Hp 95% versus Hp 98% to 100% $P < 0.05. (d) Bar graph showing the comparison between chemotactic potential of Hp 1-1 (light gray bars) versus Hp 2-2 (dark gray bars). One-way ANOVA, P < 0.0001. Bonferroni post-test versus BSA **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Bonferroni post-test Hp 1-1 versus Hp 2-2 $P < 0.05. Data are expressed as means ± standard error of the mean (SEM) of migrated cells for at least three independent experiments.