Fig. 1.

Apoptosis and anastasis. When cells experience a potentially lethal dose of a chemical stress, they simultaneously activate a pro-survival stress response and initiate the apoptotic process, activating caspase 3. They poise for recovery by enriching some mRNAs encoding survival proteins. If the stress persists, the apoptotic process dominates and the cells dissociate into apoptotic bodies. If the stress is relieved, cells undergo a two-stage recovery. The early recovery involves transcription initiation, stress response, and re-entry into the cell cycle. The late recovery involves cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell migration. Adapted from [9], ©2017 Sun et al. The Journal of Cell Biology. 216:3355–3368; DOI:10.1083/jcb.201706134