Fig. 6

Heat stress-induced decreases in fecundity, oogenesis, and ovulation are mitigated by ETH injection. a Number of eggs laid by ETH-Gal4/UAS-TRPA1 females exposed to various temperatures over a 3-day period compared to Gal4 and UAS controls (n = 20) (biological replicates). b Eggs laid by Canton-S faux heat-stressed females injected with ETH (n = 10) or saline (n = 10) at room temperature (solid bars) or mated females exposed for 1 h to 38 °C (red cross hatch patterns) and treated immediately thereafter with saline (n = 25), ETH (n = 25), acetone (n = 30), or methoprene dissolved in acetone (n = 35) (biological replicates). ETH treatment and heat stress had significant interaction with two-way ANOVA (p < 0.01). c Stage 9 progressing (left, pink arrowhead) and degenerating (right, pink arrowhead) oocytes from heat-stressed, ETH-injected (c) or saline-injected (c’) females, respectively. Preparations are stained terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end label (TUNEL, red) and DAPI (blue) (scale bars = 50 μm). d Quantification of progressing (stage 8/9 intact) and degenerating (stage 8/9 undergoing apoptosis) oocytes in saline and ETH (10 μM) injected females (n = 20) (biological replicates). e Number of mature eggs retained in ovaries of heat-stressed females injected with saline or ETH (10 μM) or treated topically with acetone alone or methoprene dissolved in acetone (n = 30). Error bars represent SEM. NS, p > 0.05; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001