Fig. 6

Involvement of mucosa-associated microbiota in the spatial expression of intestinal functional genes. a Network plots of OTUs (represented by nodes) that are significantly associated with the expression of intestinal genes. Significant correlative associations between OTUs were determined based on the SPIEC-EASI pipeline. Edge color represents positive (pink) and negative (green) correlations, and the edge thickness is equivalent to the magnitude of the correlation coefficient. SPIEC-EASI correlations with a magnitude of < 0.05 were not shown. The diameter of each node is proportional to the average abundance of each OTU across all samples, while each filled color corresponds to a bacterial phylum. b Spatial correlation pattern between the small and large intestine-enriched OTUs with the expression level of the intestinal function genes. The full list of significant correlative associations is presented in Additional file 14: Table S7. c A list of bacterial OTUs that are transmitted from sow and birth environment to the piglets showing a significant correlation with the expression of intestinal functional genes. The left panel is the phylogenetic tree of transmitted OTUs, whereas the right panel is the heat map of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between 24 transmitted OTUs and expression levels of intestinal genes (^•P < 0.1, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). The background color corresponds to the phyla to which the OTU belongs. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient is indicated using a color gradient: red indicates positive correlation; cyan, negative correlation