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Fig. 2 | BMC Biology

Fig. 2

From: Optogenetic activation of parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons selectively restores theta-nested gamma oscillations and oscillation-induced spike timing-dependent long-term potentiation impaired by amyloid β oligomers

Fig. 2

AβO1–42 causes synapse-specific dysfunction of PC-to-PV, but not PC-to-SST synapses. a, b Micro-injection of AAV-CaMKII-ChR2-mCherry and AAV-DIO-eYFP into CA1 area (left) and fluorescence image (right) of ChR2-expressing PCs (ChR2-PC) with eYFP-expressing PV interneurons (eYFP-PV) in PV-Cre mice (a) and ChR2-PC with eYFP-expressing SST interneurons (eYFP-SST) in SST-Cre mice (b). SO, stratum oriens; SP, stratum pyramidale; SR, stratum radiatum; SLM, stratum lacunosum-moleculare. c Experimental schematic. Whole-cell current-clamp recordings in CA1 PC, eYFP-PV, or eYFP-SST during sinusoidal (5 Hz) blue light (470 nm) stimulation (top) and representative spikes (bottom) in DMSO-treated (black) and AβO1–42-treated slices (red). d, e Mean spike frequency (d) and the number of spikes per theta cycle (e) recorded in CA1 PC (black), eYFP-PV (purple), and eYFP-SST (green). f Experimental schematic. Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings in eYFP-PV/eYFP-SST during sinusoidal blue light stimulation (top) and representative EPSCs (bottom) in DMSO-treated (black) and AβO1–42-treated slices (red). g, h Mean EPSC amplitude (g) and mean EPSC frequency (h) in eYFP-PV (purple) and eYFP-SST (green). i Experimental schematic. Alveus stimulation to record PC-evoked EPSCs in eYFP-PV. j Representative PC-evoked EPSCs from eYFP-PV (left) and stimulus-response (S-R) curve (right) in DMSO-treated and AβO1–42-treated slices. k, l Representative PC-evoked EPSCs from eYFP-PV in response to alveus stimulation (10 pulses, 50 Hz, k, left), paired-pulse ratio (PPR) of the 2nd EPSC/1st EPSC (k, right), total EPSC charge (l, left), and EPSCs normalized to the 1st EPSC to show short-term plasticity (l, right) in DMSO-treated (filled circles) and AβO1–42-treated slices (empty circles). m–p Same as i–l but with PC-evoked EPSCs in eYFP-SST. Unpaired Student’s t test (d, e, g, h, k, l (left), o, p (left), ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, ns: not significant), two-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s test (j, l (right), n, p (right), ###p < 0.001, ns: not significant). Data are represented as mean ± SEM

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