Fig. 2

Characterization of paraspeckles in a panel of cell types and differentiated states. a Representative immunocytochemistry images of terminally differentiated cell preparations stained with antibodies, specific for markers of the respective cell types (scale bar upper panels: 50 μm) and analyzed by smFISH with NEAT1_2 probe (bottom panel, probe in red, DAPI staining in blue; scale bar: 10 μm). b A summary of the number of paraspeckles in diverse developmental and terminally differentiated cell types, and during reprogramming of human neonatal fibroblasts (Additional file 2: Figure S2i-k). Size of circles corresponds to the average number of paraspeckles in the different cell types quantified by automated spot (foci) detection in a total of 200–2000 cells per type representing three independent experiments (single data points and statistics in Additional file 2: Figure S2c) c Violin plots depicting the number of paraspeckles in 100 single cells from all tested human cell types based on b, black line represents mean value and dashed lines represent the quartiles. d Quantification of paraspeckle in primary murine cell types (n = 3 independent replicates using ESCs, or three tissue preparations for the other cell types with 10–28 images in total per condition). Representative images in Additional file 2: Figure S2f shown next to the corresponding human cell populations from b. Error bars represent standard deviation, **** p < 0.0001 unpaired t-test