Fig. 3

HCV in the livers with chronic hepatitis. a Detection of three individuals positive for HCV transcripts in the liver. The normalized read counts of HCV in the respective samples (sample IDs: ZAB4, 13SLX, and 139TS) are shown. b Histological observations in the liver of the three HCV-positive individuals. The photos of hematoxylin and eosin staining are provided from the GTEx dataset [29]. Two HCV-negative livers (sample IDs: P44G and XOTO) are shown as the negative controls. c Differential expression of genes between HCV-positive and HCV-negative livers. The X-axis indicates the fold change score, and the Y-axis indicates the statistical score. The positive and negative fold change scores indicate the up- and downregulations in the HCV-positive livers, respectively. The DEGs are indicated in pink dots, and ISGs are indicated in red with each gene symbol. d Expression levels of the upregulated ISGs in the three HCV-positive livers. Statistical significance was evaluated by linear regression test. e GO enrichment analysis of the upregulated genes in HCV-positive livers. The statistical summary of distribution is shown as a box plot. The terms with statistical significance (FDR < 0.05) are shown