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Table 1 Identification and expression level of zebrafish enteroendocrine hormones

From: Pancreatic and intestinal endocrine cells in zebrafish share common transcriptomic signatures and regulatory programmes

 

Mammalian hormones

Zebrafish hormones

Synteny

Onset time

Expression (WISH)

Cell number, mean ± SE

EEC RNA-seq (CPM)

EN RNA-seq (CPM)

Bulb

Mid-gut

Posterior gut

A

1

Gcg

gcga

Yes

3.5 dpf

33 ± 1.4

2058

57

gcgb

Yes

N.T*

    

177

14

2

Sst

sst1.1

Yes

 

20

13

sst1.2

Yes

N.T*

    

88

1519

sst2

Yes

3 dpf

2.8 ± 0.4

103

933

3

Ghrl

ghrl

No

3 dpf

2.1 ± 0.4

163

40

4

Pyy

pyya

Yes

4 dpf

 

437

1

pyyb

Yes

3 dpf

41 ± 2.6

32,011

4

5

Cck

ccka

Yes

3 dpf

23 ± 3.0

6390

1

6

Gip

gip

Yes

4 dpf

2.4 ± 0.4

100

4

7

Vip

vip

Yes

N.T*

    

0

511

vipb

No

4 dpf

N.T*

927

868

8

Nts

nts

Yes

 

0

3

9

Insl5

insl5a

No

4 dpf

39 ± 2.2

5602

14

insl5b

No

N.T*

    

178

1

10

Nmb

nmba

Yes

N.T*

    

45

116

nmbb

No

3 dpf

14 ± 2.0

2150

0

11

Galn

galn

Yes

3.5 dpf

26 ± 1.8

824

157

12

Mln

/

/

/

/

/

/

 

/

 
  

mlnl

No

3 dpf

/

/

5.9 ± 0.7

708

18

13

Gast

/

/

/

/

/

/

 

/

 

14

Sct

/

/

/

/

/

/

 

/

 

15

Pp

/

/

/

/

/

/

 

/

 

B

16

Adcyap1

adcyap1a

No

3 dpf

84 ± 6.9

6927

2

adcyap1b

No

N.T*

    

6

251

17

Calca

calca

Yes

4 dpf

12 ± 0.7

2161

1

18

Penk

penka

Yes

3 dpf

68 ± 3.6

12,544

2

penkb

Yes

N.T*

    

2

 
  1. (Upper A panel, lanes 1–15) Identification of the zebrafish orthologues for the 15 mammalian genes coding for enteroendocrine hormones by “in silico” search of the zebrafish genome. (Lower B panel, lanes 16–18) Identification of the 3 novel hormones expressed in zebrafish EECs by screening the RNA-seq data with the Gene Ontology term “hormone activity” (GO: 0005179) and selecting hormones expressed at high levels (> 2.000 CPM). Column 3 indicates the Ensembl ID of the zebrafish genes. Column 4 displays whether a synteny conservation is observed between mouse and zebrafish loci. Column 5 indicates the expression onset time determined by WISH for each hormone transcripts and their localization in the zebrafish gastrointestinal tract (column 6). Bulb corresponds to the enlarged rostral part of the intestine; the mid-gut is located posterior to the bulb and contains the majority of goblet cells at 5 dpf; the posterior gut corresponds the most caudal part of intestine containing few goblet cells [29]. Column 7 indicates the mean (± standard errors (SE)) of the EEC numbers detected by WISH at 4 dpf. The number of EEC counted for each individual larvae is provided in Fig. S2. N.T*: not tested; the number of vipb+ EEC cells could not be quantified as most of the vipb+ cells detected in the gut are vipb+ enteric neurons. Column 8 indicates the expression levels determined by RNA-seq of EEC in CPM (counts per million). Column 9 indicates the expression levels determined by RNA-seq of enteric neurons in CPM [30]. –: not detected by WISH; ✔: detected by WISH
  2. Gcg glucagon, Sst somatostatin, Ghrl ghrelin, Pyy peptide YY, Gast gastrin, Ckk cholecystokinin, Gip glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, Vip vasoactive intestinal peptide, Mln motilin, mlnl motilin-like, Pp pancreatic polypeptide, Nts neurotensin, Sct secretin, Insl5 insulin-like peptide 5, Nmb neuromedin B, Adcyap1 adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 1, Galn galanin, Calca calcitonin