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Fig. 1 | BMC Biology

Fig. 1

From: Lack of redundancy between electrophysiological measures of long-range neuronal communication

Fig. 1

Experimental set-up, behaviour and recorded signals. a Placement of LFP and screw electrodes. b Top, experimental set-up; bottom, distance moved in 20 s bins by Gria1−/− (KO, purple) and wild-type controls (WT, black); dashed line indicating mean; shaded region representing SEM; solid overlaid line representing linear interpolations across time. c The same data as in b but displayed as total distance moved in 10 min (top) and slope of the interpolated line (bottom). ***p < 0.001, t test. d Examples of unfiltered LFP traces recorded in the four brain regions. e Illustration of the processing for connectivity measures using the same LFP frequency band in both regions; raw LFP signal (top) and LFP signal filtered in a specific frequency range (bottom). f Illustration of cross-regional θ-γ PAC, whereby the signal in one region is filtered in the low-γ range and the amplitude is extracted (top), while the signal in the other region is filtered in the θ range and Hilbert-transformed to extract the θ phase (middle). The coupling strength is derived as a modulation index (MI) measuring the phase-related change of γ amplitude (bottom). g Illustration of SPC; the hippocampal LFP (top) is filtered in the theta range and the instantaneous phase angle is extracted by linear interpolation (below, brown); the prefrontal high-pass filtered signal reveals MUA from which spikes are extracted by thresholding (below, single spikes, and bottom left, average of all extracted PFC spikes, black). A circular histogram is computed by assigning each spike to its theta phase angle, and the average of all vectors is calculated as mean resultant vector (red) whose length (MRL) is taken as indicator of SPC strength (bottom right). h–j Power of LFP in the indicated frequency bands (x-axis) and region (top of panel) displayed for each individual electrode that contributed to the WT dataset colour-coded by the sub-division in which it was placed; hippocampal layers: pyramidal (Pyr), stratum oriens (Or), lacunosum-moleculare (LM), radiatum (Rad), and fissure (Fis). No statistical analysis was done given that rare placements

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