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Fig. 4. | BMC Biology

Fig. 4.

From: Disruption of left-right axis specification in Ciona induces molecular, cellular, and functional defects in asymmetric brain structures

Fig. 4.

a, b Double-labeled in situ hybridization for VGAT and VACHT shows similar patterns for both early- and late-dechorionated larvae in the layered domains of the pBV (left-lateral view; anterior is left). Also labeled are the VGAT-positive AMG neurons, just dorsal to the VACHT-positive (red) neurons of the MG, and anteriormost set of paired ACINs. c Diagram shows perspective for VGAT in situs shown in panels d–i. d–f Late-dechorionated larvae show characteristic right-facing crescent of VGAT expressing cells in the pBV. g–i The asymmetry of the pBV, as seen by VGAT expression, is disrupted in early-dechorionated larvae. Abbreviations: pBV, posterior brain vesicle; MG, motor ganglion; AMG, ascending motor ganglion neurons; ACIN, ascending contralateral inhibitory neuron

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