Table. 1 Morphometric analysis of Fasciola species. Three reference measurements from literature are provided for Fasciola nyanzae collected from Hippopotamus amphibius [27,28,29]. All measurements are provided in mm, except measurements of metacercariae which are displayed in μm. Metacercarial measurements for Hippo liver fluke 1 and 2 were taken from two shedding Pseudosuccinea columella snails from site 3 in Kariba (Additional file 1: Figure S3). Metacercarial cyst measurements for Fasciola gigantica and Fasciola hepatica were taken from Alicata [30] and Vareille-Morel et al. [31], respectively. Variables that differentiate between the three Fasciola species are in bold italics. Measurements were taken with ImageJ software on 70% EtOH fixed samples with exception of the reports from literature. Measurement methodology is shown in Additional file 1: Figure S2. Abbreviations: body length to body width ratio (BL/BW), body length (BL), body width at widest point (BW), posterior width at 2 mm from the posterior end (BW2), cephalic cone length until shoulders (CL), ventral sucker anteroposterior diameter (VS), testis location in body length (Testis loc.), testis to body length ratio, vitellaria location in body length, outer diameter metacercaria (OD cyst), inner diameter metacercaria (without fibrous layer, ID cyst)
From: Invasive snails, parasite spillback, and potential parasite spillover drive parasitic diseases of Hippopotamus amphibius in artificial lakes of Zimbabwe
Species | Source | Host | BL/BW | BL | BW | BW2 | CL | VS | Testis loc. | Testis/BL | Vitellaria | OD cysts (μm) | ID cysts (μm) |
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F. nyanzae | Leiper (1910) | H. amphibius | ~ 7/1 | 69 | ~ 9 | 3 | 3 | 1.25 | / | / | 25 | / | / |
F. nyanzae | Jackson (1921) | ? | 3.6/1-7.8/1 | 35-59 | 4.5-13.5 | / | / | / | Anterior third | / | / | / | / |
F. nyanzae | Dinnik and Dinnik (1961) | H. amphibius | ~ 7/1 | 49-91 | ~ 9 | / | / | 1.46-1.97 | Anterior third | 25%-40% | / | 242-272 | 212-228 |
Hippo liver fluke 1 | This study | H. amphibius | 4.9/1 | 52.4 | 10.6 | 3.1 | / | 1.47 | Anterior third | 24% | 34.1 | 261 | 221 |
Hippo liver fluke 2 | This study | H. amphibius | 3.5/1 | 46.9 | 13.3 | 3.2 | 2.2 | 1.72 | Anterior third | 29% | 27.1 | 259 | 228 |
F. nyanzae RMCA | This study | H. amphibius | 4.2/1 | 41.2 | 9.8 | 3 | 2.04 | 1.35 | Anterior third | 25% | 25.4 | / | / |
F. gigantica RMCA | This study | Bovine | 3.6/1 | 35.3 | 9.9 | 5.1 | 3.1 | 0.83 | Anterior two third | 41% | 10.8 | 238-268 | 180-206 |
F. hepatica RMCA | This study | Bos taurus | 3.1/1 | 26.8 | 8.6 | 4.6 | 1.67 | 1.47 | Anterior two third | 42% | 10.16 | 205-256 | / |