Fig. 3

Preference of first and fourth larval instar of Spodoptera littoralis wild type and SlitOR40-knockout: The data show the percentage of larvae choosing the control or one of the two odors tested at three doses in a Y-tube assay: A Behavioral responses of first instar (WT) to β-caryophyllene (1/10/100 μg doses) + cotton leaf discs vs cotton leaf discs (n = 66, 50, and 53, respectively) and α-humulene (1/10/100 μg doses) + cotton leaf discs vs cotton leaf discs (n = 67, 50, and 61, respectively). B Behavioral responses of fourth instar (WT) to β-caryophyllene (1/10/100 μg doses) + cotton leaf discs vs cotton leaf discs (n = 88, 62, and 80, respectively) and α-humulene (1/10/100 μg doses) + cotton leaf discs vs cotton leaf discs (n = 63, 63, and 43, respectively). C Behavioral responses of knockout first instars to β-caryophyllene (1/10/100 μg doses) + cotton leaf discs vs cotton leaf discs (n = 60, 58, and 65, respectively) and α-humulene (1/10/100 μg doses) + cotton leaf discs vs cotton leaf discs (n = 81, 58, and 54, respectively). D Behavioral responses of knockout fourth instars to β-caryophyllene (1/10/100 μg doses) + cotton leaf discs vs cotton leaf discs (n = 55, 57, and 56, respectively) and α-humulene (1/10/100 μg doses) + cotton leaf discs vs cotton leaf discs (n = 58, 71, and 83, respectively). Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences following a chi-square test. (***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05). NS not significant, NC number of insects that exhibited no choice