Fig. 5

Zinc and iron potently but oppositely affect TH activity when expressed and assayed in yeast. A The growth defect of ZHY3 yeast expressing Catsup is exacerbated by zinc while rescued by TPEN. Transgenes could be induced on the synthetic galactose and raffinose (SGR) media but not on the synthetic dextrose (SD) media. n = 6. B The promoter activity of ZRT1 is decreased when Catsup was expressed in ZHY3 yeast. All values are presented as mean ± SEM and included in Additional file 2: table S3; n = 6.***p < 0.001. C The ALP activity was reduced when Catsup was expressed in ZHY3 yeast. All values are presented as mean ± SEM and included in Additional file 2: table S4; n = 6. ***p < 0.001. D L-dopa production in the TH-expressing ZHY3 yeast could be inhibited by Catsup expression. Six hours and 18 h refer to the yeast incubation time for L-dopa production. All values are presented as mean ± SEM and included in Additional file 2: table S5; n = 4. **p < 0.01,***p < 0.001. E The generation of L-dopa in ZHY3 was elevated by iron and inhibited by zinc added in the media. All values are presented as mean ± SEM and included in Additional file 2: table S6; n = 3. **p < 0.01,***p < 0.001. F The activity of TH in ZHY3 was inhibited by Catsup expression or zinc while elevated by iron. All values are presented as mean ± SEM and included in Additional file 2: table S7; n = 3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01,***p < 0.001