Fig. 3

Inhibition of Hsc82, Ids2, and Atp3 triggers ETC damage, petite formation, and mtDNA loss. A A schematic diagram of potential clients’ locations in ETC. B Ten-fold serially diluted cells were grown under SC medium supplemented with 2% glucose or 3% glycerol. C ATP production of each yeast strain was measured by a Seahorse XF Analyzer. D Equal numbers of cells of the indicated strains were plated on glucose plates. A representative image of a petite colony in the wild-type strain (arrowhead) is shown. Almost all ids2Δ cells showed the petite phenotype. The percentage of petite colonies of the indicated strains is shown below. E The relative mtDNA content of the indicated strains was determined by quantitative PCR by measuring the amount of mitochondrial gene COX1 relative to the nuclear gene ACT1. The value was normalized to that of the wild-type strain. The values are mean ± SD (n = 3) and compared by using Student’s t test. *, p value < 0.05; **, p value < 0.01; and ***, p value < 0.001. OM, outer membrane; IMS, intermembrane space; IM, intermembrane. Points on bar graphs indicate individual data values from each biological replicate