Fig. 5
From: The velvet worm brain unveils homologies and evolutionary novelties across panarthropods
Organisation of the central body and frontal body in E. rowelli. Three-dimensional reconstructions based on anti-acetylated α-tubulin immunolabelling (a) and horizontal optical sections of confocal micrographs of a brain stained with an antibody against synapsin (b–e). Anterior is up in all images. Arrow (a) indicates additional posterior stratum of posterior division and arrowheads point to auxiliary neuropils. Rectangles in (a) indicate planes of sections in (b–e). b, c Dorsal part of central body showing anterior and posterior divisions. Asterisk in c indicates additional stratum of posterior division. d, e Ventral part of central body illustrating inner lamina enclosing paired auxiliary neuropils (arrowheads) and outer lamina with additional strata on its ventral side (asterisks). Note frontal body with a posterior, dorsal stratum (arrows in c) and an anterior, ventral stratum (arrows in e). a, anterior; ANP, antennal neuropil; CBA, anterior division of central body; CB-IL, inner lamina of central body; CB-OL, outer lamina of central body; CBP, posterior division of central body; CBR, cell body rind; CN, central neuropil; d, dorsal; FB, frontal body; p, posterior; PDN, posterior dorsal neuropil; v, ventral. Scale bar: 50 μm