Fig. 8

CNO-hM4D mediated perturbation of noradrenergic DBH-Cre neurons results in a reduced hypercapnic response. A Representative breathing traces from a DBH-Cre; RR1P animal before and after CNO administration under hypercapnic conditions (5%CO₂/21%O₂/74%N₂). B–F Quantification of respiratory and metabolic parameters under room air and hypercapnic conditions in DBH-Cre; RR1P animals (n = 12) and sibling controls (n = 12). Measured values include respiratory frequency (B), tidal volume (C), ventilation (D), oxygen consumption (E), and ventilation normalized to oxygen consumption (G). No difference was seen under room air conditions but DBH-Cre; RR1P animals showed a deficit in volume, ventilation, and ventilation normalized to oxygen consumption under hypercapnic conditions. G No difference in temperature was seen between DBH-Cre; RR1P animals and sibling controls. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001