Fig. 5

Conserved DNA methylation signature of X chromosome inactivation in mammals. a Violin plots of CG methylation scores of promoter-CGIs measured by WGBS in dermal fibroblasts across autosomes (A) or the X chromosome (X) in mammalian species. Median values are indicated by white circles. ***: p-value < 0.001 (Wilcoxon test). b Violin plots of CG methylation scores of 1 kb genomic tiles (excluding CGIs) measured by WGBS in dermal fibroblasts across autosomes (A) or the X chromosome (X) in mammalian species. Median values are indicated by white circles. ***: p-value < 0.001 (Wilcoxon test). c Number of X-linked genes with an unmethylated promoter CGI (methylation < 10%), predicted to escape XCI, identified in each species. d Table of genes predicted to escape XCI in at least 3 species. Asterisks indicate genes previously shown as escapees in human and mouse