Fig. 7

Violin plots of mesh-weighted arithmetic mean (MWAM) strain of bird lower jaw finite element models in this study, organised by more inclusive diets and the whole range of diets considered. Plots are provided excluding (A) and including (B) semi-specialists. Diets with the same letter above them are not significantly different from one another under phylogenetic HSD of their strain intervals at the p = 0.05 level (Additional file 1: Table S5). Diet abbreviations: FrugivoreH hard frugivore, FrugivoreS soft frugivore, GranivoreS swallowing granivore, GranivoreH husking granivore, InvertivoreH hard invertivore, InvertivoreM medium invertivore, InvertivoreS soft invertivore, Tetra Hunt tetrapod hunter. Taxon abbreviations: Lr Longirostravis, LxL large-toothed Longipteryx, LxS small-toothed Longipteryx, Rp Rapaxavis, Sw Shanweiniao