Fig. 5

TAD gain and loss. A Proportion of conserved and gained/lost TAD boundaries in each target genome (left panel). “Human as query” indicates the human TAD boundaries that were taken as query using the UCSC liftover tool compared to other genomes. The TAD boundaries classified as conserved, gained/lost, or unknown, were determined by the distance to the nearest TAD boundary in the reference genome (conserved: < 40 kb, or 2 bins; non-conserved: > 100 kb, or 5 bins; otherwise, unknown). The number of mammalian conserved and human gained boundaries (right panel). B The average insulation score profiles in ±300 kb regions around the mammalian conserved and human gained TAD boundaries. C GO enriched terms for genes in conserved human TAD boundary regions. D GO enriched terms for genes in gained TAD boundary regions in the human genome. E Hi-C contact maps of human gained TAD boundaries correlate with the single-copy orthologue gene TRIB1 in 10 mammal species. Gene ID of TRIB1 in each species was marked in red. F Normalized mean expression levels of the gene TRIB1 in 10 mammal species