Fig. 1

Oligodendrocyte types in the neocortex (CTX), grey matter (GM), corpus callosum (CC), and white matter (WM). a Maps of 124 genes in coronal mouse brain sections (P60) targeted by in situ sequencing, here highlighting the CC. Three different zoom levels are shown with white dashed lines denoting the outlines for CTX and CC. The red boxes mark the positions of the zoom-ins. The scale bars are 500 μm (left), 100 μm (middle), and 15 μm (right). b Individual example cells of P60 CC and their gene assignments to cells are shown. The cells are classified based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and represented as pie charts where the angle of each slice is proportional to the likelihood of the cell being of a certain type and the size of the pie chart is indicative of the number of transcripts. Examples shown are median cells for each cell population, i.e., cells with the median count of the number of transcripts being assigned within each type. The most differentially expressed genes of the example cells are shown in the insets, and the probability for each putative cell type from pciSeq (probabilistic cell typing by in situ sequencing) is listed below the example cells. The scale bar is 5 μm. c The 124 genes are grouped based on the expression values in the scRNA-seq data. The color of the assigned gene symbols represents the cell population with the highest expression of the respective gene. The individual genes in the heatmaps are ranked by their expression values