Fig. 2

Effects of total dietary intake (kJ/day) of protein, carbohydrates, and fats on A liver/kidney function dysregulation (GAM three-way smooth term: edf=9, Ref. df=9, F=2.66, p<0.01, Dev. Expl.=1.5%, n=1834), B micronutrient dysregulation (GAM three-way smooth term: edf=14.6, Ref. df=18.1, F=1.8, p<0.05, Dev. Expl.=2.21%, n=1750) and C biological age score as predicted by model 1 (GAM three-way smooth term: edf=9, Ref. df=9, F=4.06, p<0.001, Dev. Expl.=2.79%, n=1796). Surfaces across the top row show effects of protein (x-axis), and carbohydrate (y-axis) intake, those across the middle row protein and lipid, and the bottom row is carbohydrate and lipid. The third macronutrient is held at the values given on all panels (population median). Warm colours indicate high dysregulation, and cool colours low dysregulation. All scores were Z-transformed to one SD, and surfaces colours are scaled such that deep blue and red represent values of at least −0.8 and 0.8 (conventionally considered an effect of large biological magnitude [46])