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Fig. 2 | BMC Biology

Fig. 2

From: Atheroprone fluid shear stress-regulated ALK1-Endoglin-SMAD signaling originates from early endosomes

Fig. 2

Differential impact of HSS and LSS on ALK1-mediated BMP signaling. A Immunoblot using antibodies specific against pSMAD1/5 shows different levels of SMAD1/5 phosphorylation in HSS versus LSS after 24 h of FSS exposure (upper panel). Densiometric quantification of SMAD1/5 phosphorylation relative to GAPDH expression. Data is presented as mean ± SD from 5 independent experiments. Statistical significance against static control was calculated by unpaired, two-sided Student’s T-test. B Volcano plot depicting –log10(adjusted p-value) against log2(fold change) from RNAseq data of BMP target genes compiled from [45]. Highlighted genes are commonly used BMP target genes. Red indicates upregulation in LSS, and blue indicates upregulation in HSS. Genes depicted in gray are not significantly regulated. C Immunoblot using antibodies specific against pSMAD1/5 showing responses of 24-h exposure to FSS in the absence/presence of 50 ng/mL ALK1-Fc (left panel). Densiometric quantification of SMAD1/5 phosphorylation relative to GAPDH expression. Data is presented as mean ± SD from 4 independent experiments. Statistical significance against HSS control was calculated using 2-way ANOVA and Šídák’s post hoc test (right panel). D Quantitative PCR showing gene expression of selected markers after 24-h FSS application in the absence/presence of 50 ng/mL ALK1-Fc. Data is presented as mean ± SD from 3 independent experiments. Statistical significance against HSS control was calculated using 2-way ANOVA and Šídák’s post hoc test, ****p < 0.0001,***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05

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