Fig. 7
Characteristics of neuroinflammation induced by N. farcinica. a The number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia sections of mice was detected after infection with N. farcinica. Mice were infected intravenously at a dose of 5 × 106 CFU, and the substantia nigra sections from mice were analyzed by immunofluorescence for TH expression levels. b TH contents in the striatum and olfactory bulb of the mouse brain were analyzed after infection with N. farcinica. The striatum and olfactory bulb extracts of mice were analyzed for TH using WB, each protein sample came from a different mouse (n=3 biological replicates per group, Student’s two-tailed T test, ***p<0.01, error bars represent SD). c The substantia nigra sections of mice post-infection with N. farcinica were analyzed by immunofluorescence for microglia and astrocytes. d The mRNA expression of phenotypic markers in BV2 cells was analyzed after stimulation with N. farcinica, ΔRS03155, or CoN. BV2 cells were infected with N. farcinica or ΔRS03155 for 2 h, total RNA was extracted, and the expression of M1-like markers (INOS, CXCL10, and CD86) and M2-like markers (CD206 and ARG1) was analyzed using RT–PCR. BV2 cells were stimulated with CoN for 4 h, and phenotypic markers were analyzed using RT–PCR (Student’s two-tailed T test, ***p<0.01, error bars represent SEM). e Brain sections from mice were analyzed by immunofluorescence to assess the microglial morphology after infection with N. farcinica or ΔRS03155. f Activation of JNK and ERK was analyzed in BV2 cells (left) and the striatum (right) of mice post-infection with N. farcinica. BV2 cells were infected with N. farcinica at a MOI of 10 for 6 h, and the proteins were extracted and analyzed. Protein was extracted from the striatum of mice infected with N. farcinica for 7 days and analyzed for JNK and ERK by WB, each protein sample came from a different mouse (n = 3 biological replicates per group, Student’s two-tailed T test, ***p<0.001, error bars represent SD)