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Fig. 5 | BMC Biology

Fig. 5

From: Identification of herbal teas and their compounds eliciting antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro

Fig. 5

Global MS analyses proposed HMOX-1 induction as anti-SARS-CoV-2 effector mechanism. A SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 and Caco-2 cells were treated at 1 h p.i. with perilla or sage infusions for 1 h. At 6 h p.i., cells were lysed and subjected to global MS analysis (see “Methods” section for details). Untreated and infusion-treated cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 were compared (see “Methods” section for details), overlapping significantly regulated proteins are shown. B Volcano plots of MS results obtained from infected Caco-2 at 6 h p.i. Normalized data were filtered (at least two unique peptides per protein group required) and proteins with a coefficient of variation < 20.0% over all measurements (also across treatments) were removed (see “Methods” section for details). C SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells were treated at 1 h p.i. for 1.5 h with the HMOX-1 inducer sulforaphane or fraxetin. Cells were fixed at 24 h p.i. and stained with α-S mAb. Data are expressed as relative change in optical density compared to the untreated control. Each condition was analyzed in triplicate. See Additional file 1 for individual data values. The treated conditions were compared to the untreated control by one-way ANOVA. **, p < 0.01. ***, p < 0.001. D SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells were treated at 1 h p.i. for 1.5 h with 200 µM fraxetin and indicated dilutions of perilla or sage infusions. At 24 h p.i., cells were fixed and stained with α-S mAb. Data are expressed as relative change in optical density compared to the untreated control. Each condition was analyzed in triplicate. See Additional file 1 for individual data values. The treated conditions were compared to the untreated control by one-way ANOVA. ***, p < 0.001

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