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Fig. 4 | BMC Biology

Fig. 4

From: Berberine increases stromal production of Wnt molecules and activates Lgr5+ stem cells to promote epithelial restitution in experimental colitis

Fig. 4

The effects of BBR on immune responses in colitis mice. A Immunostaining showed CD45+ cells in colon samples of normal mice, colitis mice, normal mice receiving BBR, and colitis mice receiving BBR, n=4 per group. Scale bars, 50 μm. Each dot represented the average of at least five views per sample. Right panel: Quantitation results. B Expression of Il6, Il1b, Ptgs2, IFNγ, and TNFα in rectal samples of the four mouse groups, n=4 per group. C Western blot analysis revealed that the colon samples of colitis mice showed an increase in TNFα and IL6, which was suppressed by BBR. Right panels: quantitation data. n=3. D Flow cytometric results showed the percentages and numbers of macrophages and granulocytes in colorectal samples of the four mouse groups. Right panels: Quantitation results. n=3 per group. E Flow cytometric analysis of TH1, TH17, and Treg cells in colorectal samples of the four mouse groups. Right panels: Quantitation results. n=3 per group. Data are presented as means±SEM in A–E. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test was applied in B–E, two-way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD post hoc analysis (α = 0.05) was applied in A. p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Abbreviations: DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; LPL, lamina propria lymphocytes

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