Fig. 2

Detoxification genes related to host adaptation in Agrotis ipsilon. A Phylogenetic gene tree of P450s from A. ipsilon (red) and Bombyx mori (blue). Species-specific expanded clades in A. ipsilon are marked with red stars. B Expression profiles of expanded A. ipsilon cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene clusters induced in larvae fed different diets. AD, artificial diet; CN, corn; CT, cotton; TB, tobacco (*|fold change|> 1.5, p < 0.05). C Phylogenetic tree of GSTs in A. ipsilon (red) and B. mori (blue). Species-specific expanded clades in A. ipsilon are marked with red stars. D Expression profiles of expanded A. ipsilon GST gene clusters induced in larvae fed different diets (*|fold change|> 1.5, p < 0.05). E Expression profiles of A. ipsilon ABC transporters induced in larvae fed different diets. AD, artificial diet; CN, corn; CT, cotton; TB, tobacco (*|fold change|> 1.5, p < 0.05). F Schematic diagram of sgRNA-targeted sites in AiABCA1 gene. Exons are shown as black boxes; target site locations are marked by red triangles; PAM sequences are shown in red. Chromatograms show the nucleotide sequences for an AiABCA1 homozygote. Agarose gel shows the PCR-based chromosomal deletion alleles of AiABCA1. G The relative growth rate of ABCA1 mutants and wild type that fed on the different diets (means ± SE, *p < 0.05). H Schematic diagram of sgRNA-targeted sites in AiABCC3 gene. Exons are shown as black boxes; target site locations are noted; PAM sequences are shown in red. Chromatograms show nucleotide sequences for an AiABCC3 homozygote. Agarose gel of PCR-based chromosomal deletion alleles of AiABCC3. I The relative growth rate of ABCC3 mutants and wild type that fed on different diets (means ± SE, **p < 0.01)