Fig. 5

Expression variation of genes in the core and accessory pangenome and establishment of a transient viral overexpression system deployed for necrotrophic effector screens. A Key to interpreting data shown in the figures. B Presence/absence and gene expression variation for the Succinate dehydrogenase subunit C paralogue present in the accessory genome. C–E Expression profiles of the ZtLysM effectors, 3LysM, 1LysM and xLysM, all present in the core pangenome. F Expression profile of the avirulence effector AvrStb6. Lack of any expression in isolate 118 classifies the effector into the accessory pangenome. G and H Represent examples of additional candidate effectors in the accessory pangenome. The figure illustrates that accessory genes display substantial expression variation in addition to presence and absence variation. I Development and adaptation of a universal standard viral (Foxtail Mosaic virus-FoMV) mediated expression system used for comparative screening of different fungal effectors secreted by the wheat PR1 gene signal peptide system. J Transient agro-expression in tobacco confirms the ability of the TaPR1 signal peptide, in the FoMV vector, to deliver a functional active, cell-death-inducing fungal effector, the Zymoseptoria necrosis and ethylene inducing-like protein (ZtNLP) into plants. K Functional validation of the expression system to deliver a wheat cell death inducing necrotrophic effector. The Parastagonospora nodorum necrotrophic effector ToxA, delivered by the viral vector system, induced specific cell death (leaf necrosis) only in wheat genotypes with the corresponding sensitivity gene Tsn1+