Fig. 2

Heterodimers are more potent than homodimers in vitro. A Luciferase Reporter Assay used to compare function of BMP2/GDF5 heterodimer (purple) to BMP2 homodimer (blue), GDF5 homodimer (green), or a combination of BMP2 and GDF5 homodimers (gray). The gray curve represents signal from an equal combination of BMP and GDF5 where the sum is represented on the x-axis. B Luciferase Reporter Assay used to compare function of BMP4/GDF5 heterodimer (purple) to BMP4 homodimer (blue), GDF5 homodimer (green), or a combination of BMP2 and GDF5 homodimers (gray). Representative curves shown, with error bars representing standard deviation. Data normalized to untreated control and analyzed using GraphPad Prism using non-linear regression with variable slope and least squares fit to determine EC₅₀. Data tables display an average of N=3 experiments, with 95% confidence range reported. All datasets were compared to heterodimer to determine significance using AICc to compare average curves. * P<0.05. ** P<0.01. *** P<0.001