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Fig. 6 | BMC Biology

Fig. 6

From: Atomic force microscopy reveals involvement of the cell envelope in biomechanical properties of sickle erythrocytes

Fig. 6

AFM topographical images of outer and inner/cytoplasmic surfaces of individual erythrocyte membrane ghosts. A Representative membrane ghosts of normal (left) and sickle (right) erythrocytes. B Height profiles of the cross sections of individual normal (left) and sickle (right) ghosts showing the heights of the inner and outer surfaces which are indicated by the black and red dashed lines, respectively. C Quantification of the average thickness of the bottom layers of membrane ghosts (n = 15; ***P < 0.001). D Representative topographical images showing the local ultrastructures of the outer and inner surfaces of normal and sickle erythrocytes. The meshwork-like structures with a mesh size of less than 200 nm are evident in the inner surfaces of both normal and sickle cell ghosts. E Quantitative analysis of average roughness of the local surfaces (n = 15; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). The marks N and S represent the normal and sickle cell samples, respectively

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