Fig. 6

Neuronal ensembles during the NSF training stage. A A schedule of calcium recording. B Raster plot of the averaged z score at the onset of poking behavior (5 s before and 5 s after) of individual “Trigger-like” and “Attention-like” neurons in correct and incorrect trials, sorted by the time of maximal activities in correct trials. C Raster plot of the averaged z score at the onset of licking behavior (5 s before and 5 s after) of individual “Reward-pursuing” and “Rewarded” neurons in correct and incorrect trials, sorted by the time of maximal activities in correct trials. D Plots show the averaged group calcium activity of correct (left) and incorrect (right) trials at the onset (red-dotted line) of poking behavior (± 5 s) of “Trigger-like” (top) and “Attention-like” (bottom) neurons. E Plots show the averaged group calcium activity of correct (left) and incorrect (right) trials at the onset (red-dotted line) of licking behavior (± 5 s) of “Reward-pursuing” (top) and “Rewarded” (bottom) neurons. F Spatial distributions of “Trigger-like” and “Attention-like” neurons from the same representative mouse; scale bar, 100 μm. G Spatial distributions of “Reward-pursuing” and “Rewarded” neurons from the same representative mouse; scale bar, 100 μm. H Decoding analyses for poking (top) and reward (bottom) behavior using calcium activity from different groups of neurons. ALL, all imaged neurons; ON + OFF, ON and OFF neurons together; ON + rOFF, ON and shuffled OFF neurons; rON + OFF, OFF and shuffled ON neurons; rON + rOFF, shuffled ON and OFF neurons. n = 5. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM. ∗ , p < 0.05; ∗  ∗ , p < 0.01; ∗  ∗  ∗ , p < 0.005; n.s., not significant (p > 0.05)