Fig. 5

Enriched functions of genes positively selected in large-bodied baleen whales. A Pairs of large and small baleen whales identified using phylogenetic targeting [72] based on the species tree presented in Fig. 1 and length and body mass data (Additional file 1: Table S4 [45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65]). Pairs represent the best combination of phylogenetically independent pairs that maximize size differences, putatively related with cancer resistance (Peto’s Paradox, [21]. B TreeMap representing gene ontology terms overrepresented in genes with elevated non-synonymous substitution rates in large whales. Rectangle size depicts significance values after false discovery correction after Benjamini and Hochberg