Fig. 1

Cell line and PDX models of osteosarcoma display transcriptional heterogeneity. A UMAP analysis of OS-17 cells (n = 3327) grown in cell culture. Cell cycle distribution of cells (n = 3327) is visualized as pie charts. B UMAP analysis of NCH-OS-7 cells (n = 1998) grown as a subcutaneous flank tumor. Cell cycle distribution of cells is visualized as pie charts. C Pathway enrichment analysis for hallmark gene sets associated with genes upregulated in distinct clusters identified in the two osteosarcoma models. P values were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Boxes in gray identify non-significant enrichments, whereas boxes in red identify statistically significant enrichments. MTORC1, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1. PI3K, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase. AKT, Protein kinase B. TGF, Transforming growth-factor. TNF, Tumor necrosis factor. NFKB, Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells