Fig. 8

Relationship between effect size and lifespan for variance in reproductive investment responses to an immune challenge. Size of each point corresponds to the precision (inverse of standard error). k refers to the number of effect sizes. Y axis was truncated at − 2 and 2 to improve the visibility of the summary plot (i.e. fitted line, confidence interval, and prediction interval). See supplementary figure S5 (Additional file 3) for untruncated version of the plot