Fig. 5

Shorter telomere length results in reconfiguration of the gut microbiome. a Fecal caloric energy content in 12 month old female (n = 7 WT, n = 8 KO) and male (n = 8 WT, n = 9 KO) G2-Terc^−/− and control mice. b Fecal triglyceride content of 12 month old female (n = 6 WT, n = 8 KO) and male (n = 8 WT, n = 8 KO) G2-Terc^−/− and control mice. Gene expression from intestinal enterocytes from male and female G2-Terc^−/− and control mice for (c) Glucagon (Gcg) and (d) Gip. Male mice: n = 14 WT, n = 15 KO; female mice: n = 10 WT, n = 14 KO. Microbiota analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of fecal samples from 14 month old female (n = 8 WT and n = 8 KO) and male (n = 17 WT and n = 15 KO) G2-Terc^−/− and control mice. e Analysis of alpha diversity using observed species richness. f Analysis of beta diversity a NMDS plot. g Ratio of Bacteroides/Firmicutes (BF ratio). h Microbiota composition on phylum level. i Microbiota composition on family level. j LefSe analysis of microbiota changes. Statistical analysis of a-b was performed using an unpaired t-test and c and e by a Mann–Whitney test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Red and black dots represent male mice. Green and purple dots represent female mice