Fig. 4

True unannotated ADAR editing events are rare in exonic regions. a, b Validation ratios of annotated (orange circles) and unannotated (blue circles) candidate edits in a CDS or b 3′ UTR regions. The number within each circle represents the number of total sites predicted by only one or multiple methods (X-axis). The fraction outside each circle represents the corresponding validation ratio. The hollow circles represent sites detected by only one (REDItools-, RED-ML-, or SPRINT-specific) or multiple methods with low (< 7.3%) validation ratios. c Sanger sequencing electropherograms of all — 4 unannotated and 5 annotated — validated sites in CDS regions. The sites targeted for validation are demarcated by the blue dashed lines while the nearby unannotated ADAR site found by Sanger only is demarcated by orange dashed lines. Genomic coordinates of all sites and the names of the corresponding genes are shown above the electropherograms with the theoretical amino acid changes caused by the editing shown below. a–c Only sites with the maximum editing level of > 0.2 across all 130 samples were used in this analysis. Source data are provided as a Source data file