Fig. 4

Rapid learning in the RIFF. a One-minute trajectory segments from 70-min training sessions on days 1 and 2 of learning. b Angular position and speed for the same trajectories. Trials (from attention to feedback) are marked in gray. Nose pokes, rewards, and missed targets are indicated by triangles. By day 2, rats have developed a stereotypic running pattern. c Success rate improved over time. Observation periods 1:1/1:2 denote the first/second half of the session on day 1; 2:1/2:2 denote session halves on day 2. Bars indicate average success rates from five rats; gray symbols mark individual rats. d Rats learned the temporal structure of the task. Shown are arrival times relative to the attention sound (black line; target sound, green line), calculated from all trials of five rats. e Different rats learned different strategies. Each trial was classified as either sitting, clockwise running, or counterclockwise running. Rat 4 preferred counterclockwise running, while Rat 5 avoided counterclockwise running. f Learning to move was the most important contribution to performance improvement. Each trial was classified as either “correct port,” “port of last reward,” “other port,” or “not at port.” Average proportions of each location across five rats are displayed as thick lines, individual rats are displayed as symbols and thin lines. The proportion of “correct” locations increased from one observation period to the next, and the proportion of “port of last reward” locations decreased over time