Fig. 3
Terpenoid biosynthesis (TPS) gene characterization, synergy with defence response genes, and function validation. a Arrangement and chromosome location of densely tandemly arrayed TPS gene clusters and adjacent genes of Cinnamomum camphora. Black lines under genes indicate tandem duplication clusters. Intergenomic synteny blocks of these TPS-located regions between C. camphora and C. kanehirae are linked by grey lines. Genes with names in purple are defence responses to biotic stress, while those in blue‒green are responses to abiotic stress. DRBS, defence response to biotic stress; RAS, response to abiotic stress. b Coexpression networks of TPS genes with weight values greater than 0.5. Node size is based on degree value, and nodes are grouped according to closeness centrality analysed in Cytoscape. c Flower volatiles of C. camphora by GC‒MS analysis. Compounds shown in orange are monoterpenes, green are sesquiterpenes, and black are nonterpene compounds. d Subcellular localization and transient function validation of highly expressed C. camphora TPS genes in tobacco. Each group of upper panels shows images of the subcellular localization of TPS-YFP fusion proteins in tobacco mesophyll cells. Each bottom panel is the chromatogram of volatile compounds detected in tobacco leaves by GC‒MS analysis