Fig. 7

Fever-like temperatures impact on inflammatory cytokine production, cellular invasion, and in vivo virulence. A Production of IL-8 in the A549 cell line. B Production of IL-6 in the A549 cell line. C Invasion assay in A549 cell lines infected with bacterial cultures prepared as was shown in Fig. 1. Results are presented as percentage of bacterial inoculum that was internalized. The results were analyzed for each microorganism separately. The graph displays two different scales for better visualization. D Effect of human serum albumin on SA and PA survival at 37 or 39 °C. E Mouse survival was evaluated using 10 individuals for each group intranasally inoculated with mono- or co-cultures incubated as described in Fig. 1. Sterile PBS was used as a negative control. Mouse survival was monitored daily for 10 days. The graph has a scale break for better data visualization. F Bacterial burden in the liver. G Bacterial burden in the lungs. H Bacterial burden in the kidney. Zero values obtained in the bacterial count are not shown on the Log scaled graphs but mentioned on the graph and were considered for statistical analysis. Zero values included (non-infected control n = 6 for all organs; PA mono 37 n = 1 in liver; n = 1 in lungs and n = 5 in kidney; PA mono 39 presented zero values in n = 1 in kidneys). A–C, H Two-way ANOVA, E,G 1-way ANOVA, Sidak’s multiple comparisons test. Only significant differences were displayed with their corresponding P-value