Fig. 5

Promoter hypermethylation in MAPK/p53 pathway genes. A IGV snapshots of the representative hyperDMPs between HybS and DOS within the gene casp, bcl2l1, Tp53, and apfa1. Black rectangle and Refseq gene annotations are shown below the tracks. B Relative gene expression levels of Tp53, mapk12a, mapk8a, map2k2a, map4k2, apaf1, and bcl2l1 normalized to housekeeping gene eef1a1l1 (Individual data values for qPCR are provided in Additional file 7). Data are shown as mean ± SD; unpaired t-test for data with Gaussian distribution (mapk12a, mapk8a, map2k2a, and bcl2l1 dataset) and the Mann–Whitney U test for data with non-Gaussian distribution (for Tp53, apaf1, and map4k2 dataset) with adjusted p < 0.05, n = 4 biological replicates, asterisks represent significant difference between the groups, ns = not significant