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SARS-CoV-2 infection depends on the host cell factors angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACE2, and the transmembrane serinprotease 2, TMPRSS2. Potential inhibitors of these proteins would be ideal targets agains...
The common carp (Cyprinus carpio) might best represent the domesticated allopolyploid animals. Although subgenome divergence which is well-known to be a key to allopolyploid domestication has been comprehensively...
Intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs/IDRs) are functionally important proteins and regions that exist as highly dynamic conformations under natural physiological conditions. IDPs/IDRs exhibit a ...
Dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) is associated with several neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, understanding the roles of nuclear and...
Cell senescence is a sign of aging and plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of age-related disorders. For cell therapy, senescence may compromise the quality and efficacy of cells, posing potential saf...
The scientific study of animal welfare supports evidence-based good animal care, its research contributing to guidelines and policies, helping to solve practical problems caused by animal stress, and raising f...
The last two decades have seen impressive advances in functional genomics, but we are still a long way from understanding the complexity of gene function. Here, we pose questions on how much is currently known ab...
Membrane protein research has flourished in the past 20 years. Exciting technological innovations in structural biology, including cryoEM single-particle analysis and AI-based protein structure prediction, such a...
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and computer-aided drug design (CADD) have advanced substantially over the past two decades, thanks to continuous computer hardware and software improvements. Given these ad...
In the last few years, single cell and single nucleus RNA-sequencing technologies have been leveraged in exercised adult skeletal muscle to reveal complex cell type-specific regulation of muscle plasticity. Ex...
Recent progress in adult stem cell technology, along with interdisciplinary collaboration in the field of One Health, has accelerated the development of 3D organoid cultures in non-model animals, such as dogs....
Modeling networks for single samples can facilitate discoveries in biology that go beyond those found when analyzing an “aggregate” network, i.e., one that merges information across all the samples in an omics...
Recent findings from comparative and evolutionary physiologists reveal novel insights into the regulation of inflammation and immune function under conditions of chronic-sustained and intermittent hypoxia. Com...
Advances in genetic technology have made possible a suite of genetics-based methods for controlling pests of importance to public health, agriculture and conservation.
In dynamic scientific fields, two decades can be an eternity, with technical and conceptual advances leading to drastically changed landscapes and paradigms. Noted natural philosopher Ferris Bueller once opine...
Epigenetics has been a buzzword in science for many years, but 20 years ago, the idea that epigenetic gene regulation could be a driver in evolutionary processes was only a mischievous glint in a Lamarckian eye. ...
Identifying the key factors that underlie complex traits during domestication is a great challenge for evolutionary and biological studies. In addition to the protein-coding region differences caused by varian...
Enormous clinical and biomedical researches have demonstrated that microbes are crucial to human health. Identifying associations between microbes and diseases can not only reveal potential disease mechanisms,...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder with clinical presentations of progressive cognitive and memory deterioration. The pathologic hallmarks of AD include tau neurofibrillary ...
Olfactory sensory neurons detect odourants via multiple long cilia that protrude from their dendritic endings. The G protein-coupled receptor GPRC5C was identified as part of the olfactory ciliary membrane pro...
Rhabdomeric photoreceptors of eyes in the terrestrial slug Limax are the typical invertebrate-type but unique in that three visual opsins (Gq-coupled rhodopsin, xenopsin, Opn5A) and one retinochrome, all belongin...
Angiogenesis, or the growth of new vasculature from existing blood vessels, is widely considered a primary hallmark of cancer progression. When a tumor is small, diffusion is sufficient to receive essential nu...
Recent studies have shown that, owning to its cohesive cleavage, Cas9-mediated CRISPR gene editing outcomes at junctions of chromosomal rearrangements or DNA-fragment editing are precise and predictable; howev...
Physical activity and several pharmacological approaches individually combat age-associated conditions and extend healthy longevity in model systems. It is tantalizing to extrapolate that combining geroprotect...
Genomic prediction describes the use of SNP genotypes to predict complex traits and has been widely applied in humans and agricultural species. Genotyping-by-sequencing, a method which uses low-coverage sequen...
Immature cumulus-oocyte complexes are retrieved to obtain mature oocytes by in vitro maturation (IVM), a laboratory tool in reproductive medicine to obtain mature oocytes. Unfortunately, the efficiency of IVM ...
Sea snakes underwent a complete transition from land to sea within the last ~ 15 million years, yet they remain a conspicuous gap in molecular studies of marine adaptation in vertebrates.
Biodiversity exists at different levels of organisation: e.g. genetic, individual, population, species, and community. These levels of organisation all exist within the same system, with diversity patterns eme...
Disrupted germline differentiation or compromised testis development can lead to subfertility or infertility and are strongly associated with testis cancer in humans. In mice, SRY and SOX9 induce expression of Fg...
Berberine (BBR) is a commonly used anti-intestinal inflammation drug, and its anti-cancer activity has been found recently. BBR can intervene and control malignant colorectal cancer (CRC) through intestinal mi...
The rapid reproduction of malaria parasites requires proper iron uptake. However, the process of iron absorption by parasites is rarely studied. Divalent metal transporter (DMT1) is a critical iron transporter...
One of the main functions of behavioral plasticity lies in the ability to contend with dynamic environments. Indeed, while numerous studies have shown that animals adapt their behavior to the environment, how ...
Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ, Esr2) plays a pivotal role in folliculogenesis and ovulation, yet its exact mechanism of action is mainly uncharacterized.
The individual lifestyle and environment of an organism can influence its phenotype and potentially the phenotype of its offspring. The different genetic and non-genetic components of the inheritance system an...
Many organisms rely on mineral nutrients taken directly from the soil or aquatic environment, and therefore, developed mechanisms to cope with the limitation of a given essential nutrient. For example, photosy...
Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) is the major vector that transmits many diseases including dengue, Zika, and filariasis in tropical and subtropical regions. Due to the growing resistance to chemical-based insecticide...
Sex differences in microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles have been found across multiple tissues. Skeletal muscle is one of the most sex-biased tissues of the body. MiRNAs are necessary for development and have...
Fraction of functional sequence in the human genome remains a key unresolved question in Biology and the subject of vigorous debate. While a plethora of studies have connected a significant fraction of human D...
The original article was published in BMC Biology 2022 20:166
Microbiome analysis is becoming a standard component in many scientific studies, but also requires extensive quality control of the 16S rRNA gene sequencing data prior to analysis. In particular, when investig...
Mayflies are basal winged insects of crucial importance for the understanding of the early evolution of Pterygota. Unlike all other insects, they have two successive winged stages, the subimago and the imago. ...
The red junglefowl, the wild outgroup of domestic chickens, has historically served as a reference for genomic studies of domestic chickens. These studies have provided insight into the etiology of traits of c...
Unlike most free-living platyhelminths, catenulids, the sister group to all remaining flatworms, do not have eyes. Instead, the most prominent sensory structures in their heads are statocysts or sensory pits. ...
Lepidoptera is one of the most species-rich animal groups, with substantial karyotype variations among species due to chromosomal rearrangements. Knowledge of the evolutionary patterns of lepidopteran chromoso...
Long-range interactions between promoters and cis-regulatory elements, such as enhancers, play critical roles in gene regulation. However, the role of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structure in orchestrating c...
In agricultural ecosystems, outbreaks of diseases are frequent and pose a significant threat to food security. A successful pathogen undergoes a complex and well-timed sequence of regulatory changes to avoid d...
RNA editing by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) occurs in all metazoans and fulfils several functions. Here, we examined effects of acclimation temperature (27 °C, 18 °C,13 °C) on editing patterns in six ...
The original article was published in BMC Biology 2021 19:12
Ubiquitylation (ubi) of the intracellular domain of the Notch ligand Delta (Dl) by the E3 ligases Neuralized (Neur) and Mindbomb1 (Mib1) on lysines (Ks) is thought to be essential for the its signalling activi...
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria membrane contact sites (MCS) are extensively studied in aerobic eukaryotes; however, little is known about MCS in anaerobes with reduced forms of mitochondria named ...
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