Table 3 Divergence times between Arthropoda and Deuterostomia. Times of divergence for deuterostomes and arthropods using one or both calibrations from the arthropod fossil record. Abbreviations: CD= Chilopoda-Diplopoda calibration (423 Ma); XA= Xiphosura-Arachnida calibration (480 Ma).
From: The colonization of land by animals: molecular phylogeny and divergence times among arthropods
| Â | Â | Number of proteins | Divergence times (Ma) and standard errors (if available) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deuterostome representative | Calibration point | Total | Rate constant | MGGLS | SGGLS | SGLDT | SGLMDT | SGLPL |
Vertebrata | CD | 5 | 5 | 999 ± 96 | 969 ± 96 | 1080 ± 147 | 913 ± 83 | 1395 |
|  | XA | 5 | 4 | 966 ± 130 | 931 ± 130 | 1243 ± 170 | 1022 ± 92 | 1554 |
|  | CD & XA | 5 | 4 | 935 ± 69 | 999 ± 69 | 1170 ± 147 | 978 ± 80 | 1416 |
Tunicata | CD | 5 | 4 | 1189 ± 123 | 1104 ± 123 | 988 ± 154 | 918 ± 93 | 1127 |
|  | XA | 5 | 4 | 1205 ± 165 | 1151 ± 165 | 1320 ± 165 | 1041 ± 103 | 1362 |
|  | CD & XA | 5 | 4 | 1185 ± 128 | 1130 ± 128 | 1236 ± 133 | 1018 ± 95 | 1362 |