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  1. In insects, continuous growth requires the periodic replacement of the exoskeleton. Once the remains of the exoskeleton from the previous stage have been shed during ecdysis, the new one is rapidly sclerotized...

    Authors: Justin Flaven-Pouchon, Javier V. Alvarez, Candy Rojas and John Ewer

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:17

    Content type: Research article

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  2. In fly brains, the Drosophila Adar (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) enzyme edits hundreds of transcripts to generate edited isoforms of encoded proteins. Nearly all editing events are absent or less efficient ...

    Authors: Anzer Khan, Simona Paro, Leeanne McGurk, Nagraj Sambrani, Marion C. Hogg, James Brindle, Giuseppa Pennetta, Liam P. Keegan and Mary A. O’Connell

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:15

    Content type: Research article

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  3. The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is a popular domestic poultry species and an increasingly significant model species in avian developmental, behavioural and disease research.

    Authors: Katrina M. Morris, Matthew M. Hindle, Simon Boitard, David W. Burt, Angela F. Danner, Lel Eory, Heather L. Forrest, David Gourichon, Jerome Gros, LaDeana W. Hillier, Thierry Jaffredo, Hanane Khoury, Rusty Lansford, Christine Leterrier, Andrew Loudon, Andrew S. Mason…

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:14

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Hybridisation and introgression play key roles in the evolutionary history of animal species. They are commonly observed within several orders in wild birds. The domestic chicken Gallus gallus domesticus is the m...

    Authors: Raman Akinyanju Lawal, Simon H. Martin, Koen Vanmechelen, Addie Vereijken, Pradeepa Silva, Raed Mahmoud Al-Atiyat, Riyadh Salah Aljumaah, Joram M. Mwacharo, Dong-Dong Wu, Ya-Ping Zhang, Paul M. Hocking, Jacqueline Smith, David Wragg and Olivier Hanotte

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:13

    Content type: Research article

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  5. The gene content of a species largely governs its ecological interactions and adaptive potential. A species is therefore defined by both core genes shared between all individuals and accessory genes segregatin...

    Authors: Thomas Badet, Ursula Oggenfuss, Leen Abraham, Bruce A. McDonald and Daniel Croll

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:12

    Content type: Research article

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  6. The invasive benthic round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is the most successful temperate invasive fish and has spread in aquatic ecosystems on both sides of the Atlantic. Invasive species constitute powerful in ...

    Authors: Irene Adrian-Kalchhauser, Anders Blomberg, Tomas Larsson, Zuzana Musilova, Claire R. Peart, Martin Pippel, Monica Hongroe Solbakken, Jaanus Suurväli, Jean-Claude Walser, Joanna Yvonne Wilson, Magnus Alm Rosenblad, Demian Burguera, Silvia Gutnik, Nico Michiels, Mats Töpel, Kirill Pankov…

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:11

    Content type: Research article

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  7. The molecular chaperone TRAP1, the mitochondrial isoform of cytosolic HSP90, remains poorly understood with respect to its pivotal role in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism. Most studies have found it...

    Authors: Abhinav Joshi, Li Dai, Yanxin Liu, Jungsoon Lee, Nastaran Mohammadi Ghahhari, Gregory Segala, Kristin Beebe, Lisa M. Jenkins, Gaelyn C. Lyons, Lilia Bernasconi, Francis T. F. Tsai, David A. Agard, Len Neckers and Didier Picard

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:10

    Content type: Research article

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  8. It has been hypothesized that heteromers of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) and cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1R) localized in glutamatergic nerve terminals mediate the integration of adenosine and endocannabinoid ...

    Authors: Attila Köfalvi, Estefanía Moreno, Arnau Cordomí, Ning-Sheng Cai, Victor Fernández-Dueñas, Samira G. Ferreira, Ramón Guixà-González, Marta Sánchez-Soto, Hideaki Yano, Verònica Casadó-Anguera, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Ana Maria Sebastião, Francisco Ciruela, Leonardo Pardo, Vicent Casadó and Sergi Ferré

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:9

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Two-pore channels (TPCs) release Ca2+ from acidic intracellular stores and are implicated in a number of diseases, but their role in development is unclear. The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum proliferates...

    Authors: Fu-Sheng Chang, Yuntao Wang, Phillip Dmitriev, Julian Gross, Antony Galione and Catherine Pears

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:8

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Abnormal accumulation of amyloid β1–42 oligomers (AβO1–42), a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease, impairs hippocampal theta-nested gamma oscillations and long-term potentiation (LTP) that are believed to underlie le...

    Authors: Kyerl Park, Jaedong Lee, Hyun Jae Jang, Blake A. Richards, Michael M. Kohl and Jeehyun Kwag

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:7

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a process that contributes to the diversification of proteins that has been shown to be essential for neurotransmission and other neuronal functions. However, the s...

    Authors: Elin Lundin, Chenglin Wu, Albin Widmark, Mikaela Behm, Jens Hjerling-Leffler, Chammiran Daniel, Marie Öhman and Mats Nilsson

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:6

    Content type: Methodology article

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  12. In the high-resolution microscopy era, genetic code expansion (GCE)-based bioorthogonal labeling offers an elegant way for direct labeling of proteins in live cells with fluorescent dyes. This labeling approac...

    Authors: Inbar Segal, Dikla Nachmias, Andres Konig, Ariel Alon, Eyal Arbely and Natalie Elia

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:5

    Content type: Methodology article

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  13. Upon publication of the original article [1], it was noticed that Alexandra Z. Worden’s affiliation is not complete. The full affiliation information for Alexandra Z. Worden is can be found below and in the co...

    Authors: Sunjoo Joo, Ming Hsiu Wang, Gary Lui, Jenny Lee, Andrew Barnas, Eunsoo Kim, Sebastian Sudek, Alexandra Z. Worden and Jae-Hyeok Lee

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:4

    Content type: Correction

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    The original article was published in BMC Biology 2018 16:136

  14. The lion (Panthera leo) is one of the most popular and iconic feline species on the planet, yet in spite of its popularity, the last century has seen massive declines for lion populations worldwide. Genomic resou...

    Authors: Ellie E. Armstrong, Ryan W. Taylor, Danny E. Miller, Christopher B. Kaelin, Gregory S. Barsh, Elizabeth A. Hadly and Dmitri Petrov

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:3

    Content type: Research article

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  15. The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) plays a central role in energy metabolism by transporting pyruvate across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Its heterodimeric composition and homology to SWEET and semi...

    Authors: Heike Rampelt, Iva Sucec, Beate Bersch, Patrick Horten, Inge Perschil, Jean-Claude Martinou, Martin van der Laan, Nils Wiedemann, Paul Schanda and Nikolaus Pfanner

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:2

    Content type: Research article

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  16. New sequencing technologies have lowered financial barriers to whole genome sequencing, but resulting assemblies are often fragmented and far from ‘finished’. Updating multi-scaffold drafts to chromosome-level...

    Authors: Robert M. Waterhouse, Sergey Aganezov, Yoann Anselmetti, Jiyoung Lee, Livio Ruzzante, Maarten J. M. F. Reijnders, Romain Feron, Sèverine Bérard, Phillip George, Matthew W. Hahn, Paul I. Howell, Maryam Kamali, Sergey Koren, Daniel Lawson, Gareth Maslen, Ashley Peery…

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:1

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Comparative genomics studies are central in identifying the coding and non-coding elements associated with complex traits, and the functional annotation of genomes is a critical step to decipher the genotype-t...

    Authors: Sylvain Foissac, Sarah Djebali, Kylie Munyard, Nathalie Vialaneix, Andrea Rau, Kevin Muret, Diane Esquerré, Matthias Zytnicki, Thomas Derrien, Philippe Bardou, Fany Blanc, Cédric Cabau, Elisa Crisci, Sophie Dhorne-Pollet, Françoise Drouet, Thomas Faraut…

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:108

    Content type: Research Article

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  18. The oculomotor integrator (OI) in the vertebrate hindbrain transforms eye velocity input into persistent position coding output, which plays a crucial role in retinal image stability. For a mechanistic underst...

    Authors: Christian Brysch, Claire Leyden and Aristides B. Arrenberg

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:110

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Viruses of Archaea and Bacteria are among the most abundant and diverse biological entities on Earth. Unraveling their biodiversity has been challenging due to methodological limitations. Recent advances in cultu...

    Authors: F. H. Coutinho, R. A. Edwards and F. Rodríguez-Valera

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:109

    Content type: Research article

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  20. The classic central dogma in biology is the information flow from DNA to mRNA to protein, yet complicated regulatory mechanisms underlying protein translation often lead to weak correlations between mRNA and p...

    Authors: Hongyang Li, Omer Siddiqui, Hongjiu Zhang and Yuanfang Guan

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:107

    Content type: Methodology article

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  21. The early-life microbiota exerts a profound and lifelong impact on host health. Longitudinal studies in humans have been informative but are mostly based on the analysis of fecal samples and cannot shed direct...

    Authors: Hongbin Liu, Xiangfang Zeng, Guolong Zhang, Chengli Hou, Ning Li, Haitao Yu, Lijun Shang, Xiaoya Zhang, Paolo Trevisi, Feiyun Yang, Zuohua Liu and Shiyan Qiao

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:106

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Single nucleotide substitutions in protein-coding genes can be divided into synonymous (S), with little fitness effect, and non-synonymous (N) ones that alter amino acids and thus generally have a greater effe...

    Authors: Frida Belinky, Itamar Sela, Igor B. Rogozin and Eugene V. Koonin

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:105

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Polarity is necessary for epithelial cells to perform distinct functions at their apical and basal surfaces. Oral epithelial cell-derived ameloblasts at secretory stage (SABs) synthesize large amounts of ename...

    Authors: Yan Zhang, Liwei Zheng, Michael Le, Yukiko Nakano, Barry Chan, Yulei Huang, Parisa Moravedje Torbaty, Yoshinori Kohwi, Ralph Marcucio, Stefan Habelitz, Pamela K. Den Besten and Terumi Kohwi-Shigematsu

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:104

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Videographic material of animals can contain inapparent signals, such as color changes or motion that hold information about physiological functions, such as heart and respiration rate, pulse wave velocity, an...

    Authors: Henrik Lauridsen, Selina Gonzales, Daniela Hedwig, Kathryn L. Perrin, Catherine J. A. Williams, Peter H. Wrege, Mads F. Bertelsen, Michael Pedersen and Jonathan T. Butcher

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:103

    Content type: Methodology article

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  25. The detrimental effects of a short bout of stress can persist and potentially turn lethal, long after the return to normal conditions. Thermotolerance, which is the capacity of an organism to withstand relativ...

    Authors: Katharina Jovic, Jacopo Grilli, Mark G. Sterken, Basten L. Snoek, Joost A. G. Riksen, Stefano Allesina and Jan E. Kammenga

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:102

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Translation of an mRNA in eukaryotes starts at an AUG codon in most cases, but near-cognate codons (NCCs) such as UUG, ACG, and AUU can also be used as start sites at low levels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Initi...

    Authors: Shardul D. Kulkarni, Fujun Zhou, Neelam Dabas Sen, Hongen Zhang, Alan G. Hinnebusch and Jon R. Lorsch

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:101

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Sex chromosome evolution is a dynamic process that can proceed at varying rates across lineages. For example, different chromosomes can be sex-linked between closely related species, whereas other sex chromoso...

    Authors: Richard P. Meisel, Pablo J. Delclos and Judith R. Wexler

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:100

    Content type: Research Article

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  28. Nitrogen is an essential element of life, and nitrogen availability often limits crop yields. Since the Green Revolution, massive amounts of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers have been produced from atmospheric n...

    Authors: Vânia C. S. Pankievicz, Thomas B. Irving, Lucas G. S. Maia and Jean-Michel Ané

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:99

    Content type: Review

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  30. Cellular functions can be regulated by cell-cell interactions that are influenced by extra-cellular, density-dependent signaling factors. Dictyostelium grow as individual cells in nutrient-rich sources, but, as n...

    Authors: Netra Pal Meena, Pundrik Jaiswal, Fu-Sheng Chang, Joseph Brzostowski and Alan R. Kimmel

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:97

    Content type: Research article

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  31. More than 80% of all animal species remain unknown to science. Most of these species live in the tropics and belong to animal taxa that combine small body size with high specimen abundance and large species ri...

    Authors: Amrita Srivathsan, Emily Hartop, Jayanthi Puniamoorthy, Wan Ting Lee, Sujatha Narayanan Kutty, Olavi Kurina and Rudolf Meier

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:96

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Optogenetic silencing techniques have expanded the causal understanding of the functions of diverse neuronal cell types in both the healthy and diseased brain. A widely used inhibitory optogenetic actuator is eNp

    Authors: Chuanqiang Zhang, Shang Yang, Tom Flossmann, Shiqiang Gao, Otto W. Witte, Georg Nagel, Knut Holthoff and Knut Kirmse

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:95

    Content type: Methodology article

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  33. Management of blood cholesterol is a major focus of efforts to prevent cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate how the gut microbiota affects host cholesterol homeostasis at the...

    Authors: Tiphaine Le Roy, Emelyne Lécuyer, Benoit Chassaing, Moez Rhimi, Marie Lhomme, Samira Boudebbouze, Farid Ichou, Júlia Haro Barceló, Thierry Huby, Maryse Guerin, Philippe Giral, Emmanuelle Maguin, Nathalie Kapel, Philippe Gérard, Karine Clément and Philippe Lesnik

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:94

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Cathepsin L and some other cathepsins have been implicated in the development of obesity in humans and mice. The functional inactivation of the proteases reduces fat accumulation during mammalian adipocyte dif...

    Authors: Yan Lin, Bin Bao, Hao Yin, Xin Wang, Airong Feng, Lin Zhao, Xianqi Nie, Nan Yang, Guo-Ping Shi and Jian Liu

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:93

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Cultivated hexaploid oat (Common oat; Avena sativa) has held a significant place within the global crop community for centuries; although its cultivation has decreased over the past century, its nutritional benef...

    Authors: Peter J. Maughan, Rebekah Lee, Rachel Walstead, Robert J. Vickerstaff, Melissa C. Fogarty, Cory R. Brouwer, Robert R. Reid, Jeremy J. Jay, Wubishet A. Bekele, Eric W. Jackson, Nicholas A. Tinker, Tim Langdon, Jessica A. Schlueter and Eric N. Jellen

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:92

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Symbiotic relationships between microbes and their hosts are widespread and diverse, often providing protection or nutrients, and may be either obligate or facultative. However, the genetic mechanisms allowing...

    Authors: Yuanning Li, Michael G. Tassia, Damien S. Waits, Viktoria E. Bogantes, Kyle T. David and Kenneth M. Halanych

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:91

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Cardiac differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells provides a unique opportunity to study human heart development in vitro and offers a potential cell source for cardiac regeneration. Compared to the la...

    Authors: Hang Ruan, Yingnan Liao, Zongna Ren, Lin Mao, Fang Yao, Peng Yu, Youqiong Ye, Zhao Zhang, Shengli Li, Hanshi Xu, Jiewei Liu, Lixia Diao, Bingying Zhou, Leng Han and Li Wang

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:89

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Aspergillus spp. comprises a very diverse group of lower eukaryotes with a high relevance for industrial applications and clinical implications. These multinucleate species are often cultured for many generations...

    Authors: Isidro Álvarez-Escribano, Christoph Sasse, Jin Woo Bok, Hyunsoo Na, Mojgan Amirebrahimi, Anna Lipzen, Wendy Schackwitz, Joel Martin, Kerrie Barry, Gabriel Gutiérrez, Sara Cea-Sánchez, Ana T. Marcos, Igor V. Grigoriev, Nancy P. Keller, Gerhard H. Braus and David Cánovas

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:88

    Content type: Research article

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  40. The human upper respiratory tract (URT) offers a variety of niches for microbial colonization. Local microbial communities are shaped by the different characteristics of the specific location within the URT, b...

    Authors: Christina Kumpitsch, Kaisa Koskinen, Veronika Schöpf and Christine Moissl-Eichinger

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:87

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  41. The sperm protein IZUMO1 (Izumo sperm-egg fusion 1) and its recently identified binding partner on the oolemma, IZUMO1R, are among the first ligand-receptor pairs shown to be essential for gamete recognition a...

    Authors: Avinash S. Gaikwad, Amanda L. Anderson, D. Jo Merriner, Anne E. O’Connor, Brendan J. Houston, R. John Aitken, Moira K. O’Bryan and Brett Nixon

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:86

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  42. In the online version of the article [1], Figure S1 was mistakenly replaced with Figure 1.

    Authors: Yi Shen, Hod Dana, Ahmed S. Abdelfattah, Ronak Patel, Jamien Shea, Rosana S. Molina, Bijal Rawal, Vladimir Rancic, Yu-Fen Chang, Lanshi Wu, Yingche Chen, Yong Qian, Matthew D. Wiens, Nathan Hambleton, Klaus Ballanyi, Thomas E. Hughes…

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:85

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Biology 2018 16:9

  43. The human gut harbors a complex ecosystem of microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses. With the rise of next-generation sequencing technologies, we have seen a quantum leap in the study of human-gut-inha...

    Authors: Sanzhima Garmaeva, Trishla Sinha, Alexander Kurilshikov, Jingyuan Fu, Cisca Wijmenga and Alexandra Zhernakova

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:84

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  46. During early development, patterns of cell division—embryonic cleavage—accompany the gradual restriction of blastomeres to specific cell fates. In Spiralia, which include annelids, mollusks, and flatworms, “sp...

    Authors: Pavel Vopalensky, Maria Antonietta Tosches, Kaia Achim, Mette Handberg-Thorsager and Detlev Arendt

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:81

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. The ability to regenerate is a widely distributed but highly variable trait among metazoans. A variety of modes of regeneration has been described for different organisms; however, many questions regarding the...

    Authors: Julia Ramon-Mateu, S. Tori Ellison, Thomas E. Angelini and Mark Q. Martindale

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:80

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Bacterial cells have long been thought to be simple cells with little spatial organization, but recent research has shown that they exhibit a remarkable degree of subcellular differentiation. Indeed, bacteria ...

    Authors: Henning Kirst and Cheryl A. Kerfeld

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:79

    Content type: Question and Answer

    Published on:

  49. The oosome is the germline determinant in the wasp Nasonia vitripennis and is homologous to the polar granules of Drosophila. Despite a common evolutionary origin and developmental role, the oosome is morphologic...

    Authors: Honghu Quan, Deanna Arsala and Jeremy A. Lynch

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:78

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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