Fig. 3

Functional characteristics of 15 chromatin states. a Fold of enrichments for epigenomic marks in rumen tissues (experiments 2 and 3) and the MDBK cell line (experiment 4). CO and BT represent the control and butyrate treatment groups, respectively, while BE and AF represent before and after weaning, respectively. b DNA methylation patterns of the 15 chromatin states in rumen tissue. c Fold of enrichments for non-coding mammalian conserved elements (GERP). d Fold of enrichments for 117,077 QTLs (length < 10 kb) of 545 complex traits in cattle QTLdb. e Fold of enrichments for 11,602 muscle eQTLs in cattle. f Fold of enrichments for 585 selected regions in 5 cattle breeds. The statistical significance for enrichments were calculated using Fisher’s exact test, where “**” means P < 0.01. g GWAS signal enrichments of 45 complex traits in the US Holstein population. h The top five enriched motifs among the four representative chromatin states