Fig. 3
Results from meta-regression models containing both main moderators for each trait: a Survival (NES = 51, Nstudies/species = 23/21), b reproduction (NES = 80, Nstudies/species = 29/22), c immune trait expression (NES = 54, Nstudies/species = 16/13), d morphology (NES = 31 Nstudies/species = 15/14). Note that development is not shown because it is the same as in Fig. 2e, as there was only sufficient data to test one moderator