Fig. 4

Ornithodoros phylogeny and orthologous dating of ASFLI-element integration. A maximum-likelihood (ML) tree was constructed using IQ-TREE v1.6.5 with standard model selection, resulting in the best-fit model TIM2+F+R3 (AC=AT, CG=GT and unequal base frequencies + empirical base frequencies + FreeRate model with 3 categories) based on MAFFT v7.388 aligned full-length mitochondrial sequences from Ornithodoros ticks. Statistical support of 10,000 ultrafast bootstraps is indicated at the nodes. Taxon names include, where available, tick species designation, country of origin, library number, INSDC accession number and sampling date. Clock data on tick species divergence was included from the literature [20]. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site