Fig. 5

Preference of local connectivity as measured by relative enrichment in the neighborhood (REIN). a Preference of local connectivity (enrichment of relatives in a 25 km neighborhood, e25) is overall inversely correlated with population density (neighbor count). b Distribution of the number of neighbors in a 25 km area. c Distribution of the preference for local connectivity (enrichment of relatives in a 25 km radius). UK Biobank participants can be clustered into three groups using the local connectivity: people with preferences of weak, moderate, or strong local connectivity. The vertical bars (divisions of strong, moderate, and weak local connectivity) were determined by visual inspection. d–f Maps of regional enrichments of people with weak, moderate, and strong local connectivities. The enrichment of types of residents in each region was quantified by the Pearsons’ residuals: A positive residual (red) corresponds to enrichment while a negative residual (blue) indicates depletion. Counties with a low sampling rate (< 0.001) are colored in gray