Fig. 3.

Detected modules of bat crania (a) and mandibles (b) based on cluster analysis of a phylogenetic congruence matrix (see Fig. S7–8). Left: Across all bats, the modules detected across the cranium were: RP—rostrum/palate/pterygoid, VA—vault, AZ—anterior zygomatic arch, PZ—posterior zygomatic arch, PC—posterior cranium encompassing the basicranium, auditory bulla and the intersection of the lambdoidal and sagittal crests. Right: Across all bats, the modules detected across the mandible were: AA—anterior alveolus region, PA—posterior alveolus region, CO—coronoid process, CA—condyle and angular process. Morphological modules are also shown for each of the echolocator types. Landmarks show the consensus configuration in lateral view within each dataset, and representative crania and mandibles have been warped to match these configurations